S12交换机EC7.4版用户分组

从源的分析、字冠分析、任务单元定义3个方面,阐述了S12交换机EC7.4版的用户分组问题。     

考虑多人给出参照点的风险型多属性决策方法

针对多人给出参照点的风险型多属性决策问题,提出了一种基于累积前景理论的决策分析方法.在该方法中,首先依据累积前景理论,计算每个参与决策人针对不同自然状态下每个方案的属性值的前景价值及决策权重函数值,进而得到每个参与决策人针对各方案的综合累积前景值;然后,计算每个参与决策人的决策信息与总体决策信息的期望一致性程度,并得到每个参与决策人的权重;在此基础上,计算各方案的总体累积前景值,并依据总体累积前景值的大小对各备选方案进行排序.最后,通过一个数值算例来说明该方法的可行性.     

基于因子分析的农村中学生体质的因素分析

中学生中农村人口占较大部分,他们的体质影响着未来我国人口的整体状况.对随机抽样的1 724名农村中学生进行调查,采用数理统计法和实验法,对具有重要影响的16个子因素进行因子分析,认为在生活方式、家庭和学校等3个方面对农村中学生的体质起着决定作用.对这3个方面的改善给出了建议,为学校体育在提高和改善农村中学生体质科学研究方面提供理论依据.     

渡槽工程的病害分析与防治研究

结合某大型渡槽工程实例,探索适用于该类工程的检测、评价与病害处治方法,结合检测信息进行三维数值模拟,以达到从整体与局部、内在机理与外因相结合的角度对渡槽进行病害综合分析.与以往仅从渡槽工程具体病害表象进行表层处理的方式不同,该方法是从引起结构病害的深层次原因方面进行分析研究.最后,在检测与分析的基础上,提出有针对性的病害治理方案.该方案已成功应用在工程的修补上,取得了较满意的结果.     

宁波市公共自行车服务满意度评价模型构建研究

以宁波市公共自行车为例，将因子分析法与二项logistic法相结合，对采集的1 688份居民满意度有效问卷展开分析。利用因子分析法筛选出6个因子，利用二项logistic法剔除并筛选出5个有效因子构建公共自行车服务满意度评价模型，合理评估当前宁波市公共自行车服务满意度。同时，利用随机抽取并不参与建模的5%问卷样本对评价模型进行校验，以确保模型的准确性与合理性。该研究有助于合理评价当前宁波市居民对公共自行车的服务满意度，同时适用于对未来一段时间内公共自行车服务满意度的预测。     

Forecasting economic indicators using a consumer sentiment index: Survey‐based versus text‐based data

Given the confirmed effectiveness of the survey‐based consumer sentiment index (CSI) as a leading indicator of real economic conditions, the CSI is actively used in making policy judgments and decisions in many countries. However, although the CSI offers qualitative information for presenting current conditions and predicting a household's future economic activity, the survey‐based method has several limitations. In this context, we extracted sentiment information from online economic news articles and demonstrated that the Korean cases are a good illustration of applying a text mining technique when generating a CSI using sentiment analysis. By applying a simple sentiment analysis based on the lexicon approach, this paper confirmed that news articles can be an effective source for generating an economic indicator in Korea. Even though cross‐national comparative research results are suited better than national‐level data to generalize and verify the method used in this study, international comparisons are quite challenging to draw due to the necessary linguistic preprocessing. We hope to encourage further cross‐national comparative research to apply the approach proposed in this study.     

基于l1范数主成分分析的极化SAR图像变化检测

为提高极化合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar, SAR)图像变化检测算法的鲁棒性以及检测精度,提出基于范数主成分分析(linorm principal component analysis,l1-PCA)模型的变化检测算法。首先,采用基于Hotelling-Lawley复矩阵迹变化检测算子构造差异图;其次,采用l1-PCA模型获取差异图的变化信息,使得每个像素以一个特征向量来表示;最后,使用k-means算法对变化信息进行聚类,得到变化检测结果。该方法是一种非监督变化检测方法,相比于基于2范数的PCA检测方法,l1-PCA在特征提取方面具有更高的鲁棒性,并且可以进一步提高变化检测精度。基于RADARSAT-2卫星获取的3幅图像进行的实验结果表明,相较于其他两种典型算法,所提算法更加稳定,精确度更高。     

活动重叠对缩短资源受限项目工期有效性研究

活动重叠是项目赶工的一种常用手段,但并非所有活动的重叠执行均能有效缩短项目工期.识别和评估项目中活动重叠对缩短项目工期的有效性,避免无效的活动重叠及资源的浪费,对于解决资源受限项目调度问题具有重要的理论和现实意义.针对现有进度生成机制在处理带有活动重叠的资源受限项目调度问题上的不足,本文建立整数线性规划模型并对小规模算例进行精确求解.在对求解结果统计分析的基础上识别影响活动重叠有效性的关键因素,为项目调度中制定重叠策略提供指导.通过一个算例验证预先识别有效的活动重叠对提升启发式算法性能和优化项目调度结果具有积极作用.     

The effect of target function on the predictive performance of the two‐stage ridge estimator

The main thrust of this study is to consider the problem of simultaneous prediction of actual and average values of the simultaneous equations model through the target function of Shalabh (Bulletin of International Statistical Institute, 1995, 56, 1375–1390). We focus on the predictive performance of the two‐stage ridge estimator with the motivation for eliminating the disorder arising from multicollinearity. An optimal biasing parameter of the two‐stage ridge estimator is derived by a minimization process of prediction mean square error. In addition, an optimal estimator for the weight of observed value in target function is attained theoretically. The results inferred from a numerical example and a Monte Carlo experiment provide a dramatic improvement in the predictive ability of the two‐stage ridge estimator.     

On miracles and spacetime

What have recently been dubbed two ‘miracles’ of general relativity—(1) that all non-gravitational interactions are locally governed by Poincaré invariant dynamical laws; and (2) that, in the regime of experimental practice in which curvature effects may be ignored, the local Poincaré symmetries of the dynamical laws governing matter fields coincide with the local Poincaré symmetries of the dynamical metric field—remain unaccounted for in that theory. In this paper, I demonstrate that these two ‘miracles’ admit of a natural explanation in one particular successor theory to general relativity—namely, perturbative string theory. I argue that this point has important implications when considering both the ‘chronogeometricity’ (that is, the object in question being surveyed by rods and clocks built from matter fields) and spatiotemporal status of the dynamical metric field in both general relativity and perturbative string theory.